TOC, Chapt 1

Mechanisms

notes by Thomas A. Albright

Note: The text here is displayed using one font.
Therefore, all greek characters do not display properly.
The list below will give the vast majority of the cases.

s = s
p = p
y = y
d = d
D = D
q = q
a = a
f = f
b = b

Notes in PDF format
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 (0.5 MB)
Chapter 2 (0.7 MB)
Chapter 3 (0.1 MB)
Chapter 4 (40 KB)
Chapter 5 (1.5 MB)
Chapter 6 (0.9 MB)
Chapter 7 (0.1 MB)
Chapter 8 (2.1 MB)
Chapter 9 (2.4 MB)
Chapter 10 (1.0 MB)
Chapter 11 (6.4 MB)

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	Table of Contents Chapter 1. BONDING AND RESONANCE A. Lewis Octet Rule & Formal Charges 5 B. Molecular Orbitals 5 C. Resonance 15 D. Saunder's "Isotopic Perturbation of Degeneracy" Technique 20 Chapter 2. STEREOCHEMISTRY A. The Basics 26 B. Enantiomers 26 C. Configuration 30 D. Diastereomers 31 E. Stereotopicity 32 F. Stereochemistry & Reactions 39 Chapter 3. LINEAR FREE ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS A. General Considerations 41 B. Hammett Equation 41 C. Uses of the Hammett Equation 43 D. Where Linear Free Energy Relationships Come From - A "Proof" 47 Chapter 4. THERMOCHEMISTRY A. Some Definitions 49 B. One Example, How To Make A Lot Of Money 49 Chapter 5. CONFORMATIONAL ANALYSIS A. Rotations About C-C Bonds 51 B. Molecular Mechanics Calculations 53




		C. Cyclic Molecules 57 Chapter 6. KINETICS A. Determining Reaction Mechanisms 65 B. Rules of Thumb 66 C. Rate Laws of Typical Cases 66 D. Absolute Rate Theory 77 E. Experimental Measurement Techniques 96 F. Descriptions of Transition State Changes; Marcus Theory 97 G. Isotope Effects 114 H. An Example of a Very Small Barrier 120 Chapter 7. ACIDS & BASES A. Equilibrium Measurements 122 B. Bronsted Catalysis Law 126 C. pH Rate Profiles 127 D. Specific & General Catalysis 128 E. Factors Influencing Acidity (Basicity) 131 F. Solvation Effects 134 Chapter 8. PERTURBATION THEORY AND SYMMETRY A. Interaction Between Orbitals 136 B. Symmetry Correct Orbitals 139 C. Interaction of Fragment Orbitals 149 D. Reactive Interactions Between Molecules 153 E. Hard-Soft Acid-Base Theory 171 Chapter 9. AROMATICITY A. Linear Acyclic p Systems 175 B. Hückel Calculations 178 C. Cyclic p Systems 179 D. Hückel's Rule 182 E. Aromaticity Criteria 187 F. Homoaromaticity 196 G. Spiroaromaticity 197 H. Bicycloaromaticity 198




	I. Hetrocycles and Through-Bond Conjugation 200 J. Buckyballs 206 Chapter 10. NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION A. Idealized Basic Mechanisms 208 B. S_N1-S_N2 Unified Theory 213 C. Substrate Structure; Mechanistic Effects 232 D. Nucleophile Structure; Mechanistic Effects 241 E. Leaving Groups 244 F. Neighboring Group Effects 246 Chapter 11. CYCLOADDITION REACTlONS A. Definitions 257 B. Ethylene Dimerization 257 C. The H₂ + D₂ Reaction 258 D. Thermal Olefin Dimerization 264 E. Photochemical Olefin Dimerization 275 F. The Deils-Alder Reaction 283 G. Other Cycloadditions 288